#Real control 2 plus#

STI events (eg, syphilis, gonorrhoea, and chlamydia infection) were defined by the combination of a specific biology test

#Real control 2 plus#

PrEP use was defined as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus emtricitabine alone (ie, without any other antiretroviral drug being codispensed on the same day) being dispensed two or more times, with the first time being during the inclusion period. Individuals were considered to be at high risk of sexually acquired HIV infection if they did not have prevalent HIV infection at baseline based on criteria detailed in the appendix (p 2) and if, between Jan 1, 2016, and (the study period), they either used PrEP or had a history of at least four HIV screening tests combined with at least one STI event within a 2-year time span followed by at least one subsequent HIV screening test. The only comparative studies available were done in specific subpopulations or health-care settings, such as sexually transmitted infections clinics, and thus provided measures of PrEP effectiveness that did not account for the diversity in both individuals’ profiles and care management of PrEP users in the real world.Īll men aged 18–65 years, living in mainland France, and identified as being at high risk of sexually acquired HIV infection between and J(the inclusion period) were included. Most of the studies were ecological and reported population-level HIV incidence in settings in which PrEP was implemented, but the absence of comparative study groups hindered the evaluation of effectiveness. We searched PubMed for studies published in French or English from database inception to Sept 1, 2021, and found 11 observational studies assessing PrEP effectiveness in the real world. Although RCTs are essential to show the efficacy of a drug, the degree of efficacy that they report might differ from the degree obtained once the drug is widely prescribed in common practice-to users with diverse profiles, in accordance with various schemes of care and monitoring, and for extended periods of time. As a consequence, WHO and national health authorities across the world have increasingly recommended PrEP as a major tool in the HIV-prevention arsenal. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has proved to be a highly effective means of HIV prevention in randomised clinical trials (RCTs), with remarkable reported efficacy in preventing HIV infection, reaching up to 92% in iPrEx in individuals with a detectable drug concentration, 86% in PROUD, and 86% in IPERGAY. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific.The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.